sábado, 29 de novembro de 2014

sábado, 22 de novembro de 2014

Three new bat species in the state of Oaxaca

SANTOS-MORENO, A.; SIPRIANO, L.G. 2014. Three new bat species in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. Chiroptera Neotropical 20(1):1226-1229.

Abstract. The state of Oaxaca, in southeastern Mexico, is one of the regions with the highest species richness in the country, comparable even with that of some Central American countries. Over the course of a study on the region known as Los Chimalapas, in the southeastern portion of the state of Oaxaca, we recorded the presence of three new species for the state: two New World leaf-nosed bats (Phylloderma stenops and Micronycteris schmidtorum) and one vesper bat (Myotis albescens). The localities of these registersrepresent the northeastern extreme of the geographic distribution of the last two species. The three species included in the present work bring the number of terrestrial mammalian wildlife species in Oaxaca to 209, and the number of bat species to 93.

sábado, 15 de novembro de 2014

The phylogeny of Cetartiodactyla: the importance of dense taxon sampling, missing data, and the remarkable promise of cytochrome b to provide realiable species-level phylogenies

AGNARSSON, I.; MAY-COLLADO, L.J. 2008. The phylogeny of Cetartiodactyla: the importance of dense taxon sampling, missing data, and the remarkable promise of cytochrome b to provide realiable species-level phylogenies. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48:964-985.

Abstract. We perform Bayesian phylogenetic analyses on cytochrome b sequences from 264 of the 290 extant cetartiodactyl mammals (whales plus even-toed ungulates) and two recently extinct species, the "Mouse Goad" and the "Irish Elk". Previous primary analyses have included only a small portion of the species diversity within Cetartiodactyla, while a complete supertree analysis lacks resolution and branch lenghts limiting its utility for comparative studies. The benefits of using a single-gene approach include rapid phylogenetic estimates for a large number of species. However, single-gene phylogenies often differ dramatically from studies involving multiple datasets suggesting that they often are unrealiable. However, based on recovery of banchmark clades - clades supported in prior studies based on multiple independent datasets - and recovery of undisputed traditional taxonomic groups, Cytb performs extraordinarily well in resolving cetartiodactyl phylogeny when taxon sampling is dense. Missing data, however, (taxa with partial sequences) can compromise phylogenetic accuracy, suggesting a tradeoff between the benefits of adding taxa and introducing question marks. In the full data, a fez species with a short sequences appear misplaced, however, sequence lenght alone seems a poor predictor of this phenomenon as other taxa with equally short sequences were not conspicuously misplaced. Although we recommend awaiting a better supported phylogenetic hypotheses provided here represent the currently best available tool for comparative species-level studies within this group. Cytb has been sequenced for a large percentage of mammals and appears to be a reliable phylogenetic marker as long as taxon sampling is dense. Therefore, an opportunity exists now to reconstruct detailed phylogenies of most of the major mammalian clades to rapidly provide much needed tools for species-level comparative studies.

quarta-feira, 12 de novembro de 2014

Workshop em Sistemática Filogenética 2015

Estão abertas as inscrições para o Workshop em Sistemática Filogenética 2015, a ser realizado entre os dias 23 e 27 de fevereiro de 2015 na UNESP, campus de São Hosé do Rio Preto (SP). O idioma do Workshop é o Inglês, e as vagas são limitadas, até o dia 15 de dezembro de 2014. Os interessados podem obter mais informações pelo e-mail: workshopsistematica@gmail.com.

sábado, 8 de novembro de 2014

The application of Bergmann's Rule to Carollia perspicillata Linnaeus 1758 (Mammali, Chiroptera)

BARROS, L.A.V.; FORTES, R.R.; LORINI, M.L. 2014. The application of Bergmann's Rule to Carollia perspicillata Linnaeus 1758 (Mammali, Chiroptera). Chiroptera Neotropical 20(1):1243-1251.

Abstract. Bergmann’s Rule describes the association between body size of species and latitude. The proposed mechanism to explain the pattern would be the lowest surface/volume ratio found in large animals, which should result in an energy advantage in cold environments. The present study tested to what extent this pattern can be applied in bat populations of Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758). We used secondary data, taken from the collection of Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) and raw data provided by researchers, covering a latitude gradient ranging from 23º03' S to 0º10' N, at altitudes ranging from 10 to 1093m above sea level. Climatological data were obtained from the website of Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET). Body size analyses were based on mean and maximum length of forearm and body mass, and carried out through latitude, altitude and temperature gradients. A total of 488 adult specimens were analyzed, summarizing data for 23 localities. Body size variables showed a decrease toward higher latitudes and higher altitudes, and an increase in relation to increasing temperature. The results partially follow an inverse trend of the original proposal, called Bergmann’s Rule "converse". Bats’s wings are highly vascularized naked membranes, making their surface/volume ratio higher than that of other animals of similar size; thus a large body size would in fact result in bigger ratios and greater heat loss. The low values of all explicability indexes (R²) and linear coefficients (β) suggest that geographical variation in a  species’ morphology cannot be only explained on the basis of latitudinal clines.

sábado, 1 de novembro de 2014

Journals: Cladistics

Cladistics

- Abreviatura: Cladistics.
- Qualis CAPES: A1 (Ciências Biológicas I), A2 (Biodiversidade).
- Taxa de Publicação: Nenhuma.
- Idiomas: Inglês.
- Disponibilidade: Restrito. Apenas os artigos do fascículo corrente são disponibilizados.
- Submissão: Online, pelo sistema ScholarOne Manuscripts, com acesso na home page.


Cladistics publica artigos de pesquisa de alta qualidade em sistemática, encorajando debates em todos os aspectos deste campo, da filosofia, teoria e metodologia ao estudo empírico e aplicações em biogeografia, co-evolução, biologia da conservação ontogenia, genômica e paleontologia.

Composição e caracterização da fauna de mamíferos de médio e grande porte em uma pequena reserva de Cerrado em Mato Grosso, Brasil

ROCHA, E.C.; DALPONTE, J.C. 2006. Composição e caracterização da fauna de mamíferos de médio e grande porte em uma pequena reserva de Cerrado em Mato Grosso, Brasil. Revista Árvore 30(4):669-678.

Abstract. This study was carried out at the "Mario Viana" Municipal Biological Reserve in Nova Xavantina, MT, aiming to make an inventory and evaluate the abundance and diversity of terrestrial mammals of medium and large size. Thus, two monthly visits were made to a 2.820 m long transect throughout 2001 to acess tracking and other evidences of mammals. Twenty-nine species were recorded in the study area, with 22 in the transect and two individual tracking sequences being quantified for calculation of Shannon-Wiener (H') abundance and diversity indices. According to the abundance indices, the species were classified as rare, common and abundant. Among other species, onça-parda (Puma concolor (Linnaeus, 1771)) and tatu-canastra (Priodontes maximus (Keer, 1792) were classified as rare; jaguatirica (Leopardus pardalis (Linnaeus, 1758)) and tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758) as common; and cutia (Dasyprocta azarae (Lichtenstein, 1823)) and tapetí (Sylvilagus brasiliensis (Linnaeus, 1758)) as abundant species. The H' index found was 2.40, which was considered significant. This work shows that despite being small (470 ha), the area studied plays an important role in the preservation of the mammalian fauna in the region of Nova Xavantina, MT.